Drawing mechanism



June 1 1926.

A. C. BUTLER DRAWING MEGHANISM y www Patented June 1, 1926.

UNITED STA'lEtS ARTHUR CECIL BUTLER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

DRAWING MECHANISM.

Application filed `J'uly 15, 1924. Serial' No. 726,108.

rthis invention relates to mechanism for drawingI rovings, slivers, andthe like, and has for its object the production of al mechanism in which a high degree of attenuation `l of the rovings or sliver-s may be produced without danger of launching of the short fibers ln'oduciim` irregular yarn.

As commonly constructed drawing mechanism comprises a series of pairs of cooperatingr rollers through the nips between which the roving passes successively, the pairs of rollers being driven at progressively greater surface velocities in the direction of motion of the roving's. lWith this construction it is not possible to obtain much of draft or attenuation of the roving; between the intermediate and back pairs of rollers as in case this is attempted the fibers spread and separate too much between the front and the intermediate pairs of rollers.

To overcome this diiliculty according to the present invention so as to permit a considerable draft between the intermediate and haelt pairs of rollers, a normally stationary retardinp; member is positioned between the intermediate and bach pairs of rollers, this member being'` so formed and positioned relative to these rollers as to impart a frictional drag' on the roving over an extended length and to concentrate and condense the fibers and retain any twist which the roving;i may have so that the roving is put in proper condition for succeeding drawing efforts even though a considerable draft has been effected between the intermediate and bach pairs of rollers. the drawing', however, in this arrangement taking); place between. the ret-ardiinp; member and the intermediate rolle-rs rather than between the retarding member and rear rollers. This drawing member must be so constructed or so arranged that the strand to be drawn bears thereagainst at a distance from the forward feeding mecha- `nism substantially equal to or slightly less than the length of the mass of the fibers of the strand beingv drawn vin such a manner that it holds back the shorter fibers quite similarly 'to a closely set pair of intermediate `rollers with a lightly weighted top roller j and causes the drawing" ont or parting of the fibers to consistent-lj: taire place at about il is point. ln common practice luretofore the speed ratios between the rear and `intermediate 'rollers have been of the order of l to i/g. -According to the present 'invention this ratio may well be l to 6 or more, so that the draft is about 4S times as much as heretofore. In this way a longer total draft may be obtained without excessive draft between the intermediate and front rollers which is liable to cause uneven yarn.

This retarding meniber may, if desired, be used in place of the intermediate pairs of rollers of a drawing roving or spinning frame, but by using; it in addition to the in termediate rollers a considerable draft may be effected between these rollers and the rear rollers and again a considerable draft between these rollers and the front rollers. It is, of course, necessary that this member be used. between two pairs of rollers or other drawing,l or roving feeding means.

This retardingl member may be used with or without a retarding plate. lill/Then the plate is used it is sometimes desirable that the retardingI member be formed as a plain rotatable rod or sha-ft as is disclosed and claimed in my application for Patent Serial No. 635,934-, `filed May l, 1923 for drawing` mechanism, Patent No. 1,554,987 of Sept. 29, 192i. lt is not, however, absolutely necessary to rotate this member especially when drawing` cotton of long staple. plate is not used the retarding member should not be rotated.

A further advantage resulting, from the use of this retarding` member is that it is never necessary, where it is used, to adjust the distance between the intermediate and back pair of rollers to suit the length of staple, this being` taken care of by adjusting the member itself toward and from the intermediate rollers which is much easier and simpler than adjusting` a pair of rollers. It can also be adjusted closer to the nips between ccoperating rollers than can a pair of rollers and is preferably so shaped at its forward edge to approach partly between the rollers close to their nips. lilith the use of this drawiing` member, also, in case a double roving` being' drawn, the strands may be caused to lie in superpesed relation rather than side by side.

After subjecting the roving or sliver to a, considerably longer draft than is usual liietween the back and intermediate pairs of rollers thepositioning of the intermediate and front rollers is such that the fibers after passing` through the nip of the inten mediate rollers are drawn by the front pair lVhen the i lll? DI l

of rollers over or against an are of the sur tace or one of the intermediate rollers which serves to prevent the ibers from spreading and also to hold back the short fibers from passing forward with the longer ones until seized in the nip ofthe front rollers. rlhe surface ot' one ot the trout rollers may also be so close to that oit' one ot' the intermediate rollers as te Jfurther prei-ent theiibers from" spreading' acting; to smooth and brush them down by its higher surtace speed.

Vicari.

m I n in mesh throughout all adjustments required.l A l It also provides a change gear mechanism between the front and intermediate rollers and also between the intermediate and back rollers.

For a more complete understanding ot this invention reference may he had to the accompanying; drawings in which ll'igrure 1 is a fragmentary plan ola drawing iframe illustrating; this invention, the cap bar andupper roller being re1nored.

Figure 2 a section on line 2 2 of Figure 3.

ligrure 8 is a fragmentary top plan ol a cap, liar and the upper rollers.

Figure e is a perspective illustratrnga nuwthod oi? cil'lfecting traverse ot the retardinn` member.

Figure 5 is a fraernentary perspective view d to a much enlarged scale ot this member.

Figures 6 and 7 are perspectives illustrating' modified coi'istructions.

Fibre 8 is a view somewhat similar to ,J igurc i2, but showing' a modiliedv construcalso pi' r-.'if.led for these rollers l* injure l) is a section lo an enlarged scale' end views, respectively, of an adjusting screw. v 1

'.l he retarding member has been shown in Figures 1,v f2 and il in connection with roller sf nds ha Ying, liront, .intermediate and rear pairs oiirollers arranged relatively as disclosed and claimed in my application 'for aatent, Serial No. 635,934, filed May 1, 1923, entitled i rzfiafilng" mechanism. The combination or the drawing; member with rollers arranged in this ii'ashi'on elects the combination ot many ot the advantages ot' the 4iction illustrated in the abore mentionef patent with those olf the relardinggr member ot the present invention to produce a 'l ly eiiirient drawing mechanism, the ret-art ingr member causing' the strands to be presented to the intermediate and forward pairs oi? rollers in a condition' wherein the advantages ot the arrangement' of these rollers maybe fully realizedi The' rollers and retarding member are carriedby roller stands such 1 suitably spaced across the drawing `i'anie. To vthe rear upper edge'oi' the stand is piroted a'cap bar 2 wlrichextends foi.vai"dly andadjustable forwardly and rearwardly onA its forwardE end is a block 3 having a slotted ,guide 4 in which journaled front upper roller This roller cooperates with a lower front roller (i. 'laclr ot these rollers are positioned the intermediate rollers 7 and 8, the lower roller T being carried by a block 9 adjustable torwardly and rearwardly on the stand 1 and -he upper roller being journa'led in a slotted block 3 adjustable on the forward end or the cap bar 2 andhcld in'position by a bar 10. the rear end oi which bears on the rear top rollerl 11v which cooperates with a lower r fir roller 12. The bar .10 is weighted sofas to cause the rollers 8 and 11 to engage their corresponding low r rollers with the desiret deiD of p sure and the front roller 5 is also caus :l to press against the lower lront rollerl.' For tais purpose a means euch as a spring' or weight', a' spring being indicated at' may enga-ge a linl-I 16 hung from an ceualixer bar 17 which bears at its opposite ends over rods 1S and .19. the rod 18 at its upper end beinghoole'd orer a reduced nd the bar iortion' oi the roller o a lf) being' termed to engage the upper 'lace ot the bar 10. 'lt wil be noted that the trout and intermediate pairs of rollers are closely adjacent each other, and that the nip be? tween the trent rollers is below the nip between the intermediate rollers and out ot the plane thereof. Thus the rovine;- is caused to pass over considerable arcs of the circumference of the lower intermediate roller 7 and the upper forward roller 5, theV extent of which may be Varied by acljusting the. upper intermediate and front rollers longitudinally ,or theV capbars, :and

the blecls, 9 wlriehthe lower vinteiinedlate' j roller i' is journaled from and toward the lower front roller 6.

Bach ot the rear rollers 1l and i2 is positioned the traverse bar having;l roving); guides 2l through which the roving' passed on its way to the nip between the rear rollers ll and l2. Fixed to the traverse bar 520, as shown more clearly in Figure l, is a downwardly arched bar havingits torward end slotted as at 215 for the adjustable reception of a screw 24. threaded into the upper face ot a retarding member 25. rlhe bar 22 is downwardly arched to pass beneath the lower rear roller 12 and its ton Ward end is notched to permit the member Q5 to be adjustable toward and from the nip between the intermediate rollers 7 and 8. The bar 22 also causes the member to be reciprocated in time with the traverse bar. The member 25 is termed to engage the roving as it passes toward the intermeijliate rollers and to impart a `friction drag thereto acting' to prevent launching ot the short iibers Iand retain any twist there may be in the roving between this member and the rear pair of rollers thus `keeping the roving intact so that the draft occurs between this member and the intermediate pair of rollers. It may also be formed to concentrate the iibers so that they may be presented to the intermediate rollers in closely condensed re lation. For this purpose or when used for double rovingl this member may be provided with a guide portion comprising a slot indicated at 26 for each rovingl or gjroup of rovings passing thereover. rllhe lower wall or base :260 of this slot is Ytermed convex, as indicated clearly in Figures 2 and 5, and the member itself is so positioned as to be above a straight line between the nips of the rear and intermediate rollers so that the roving1 as it passes through the notch is caused to be drawn down against the convex base 260 whereby a` friction drap; is imparted to the roving. The side walls 27 oit the slot conrerp; in the direction ot travel oli the rovingl so that as the rovinal emerges from the forward end oi. the slot, the fibers are brought together and condensed. The slot may ei;- tend the 'full width ot the member as indicated in Figure 5, or ,it may terminate bach ot the forward edge as indicated at 30 in Figure (i, a perforation 31. extending trom the for Wa rd end ot the slot through the 'l' r ward 'lince of the drawing meinben This causes the roviner to be condensed in all directions, but has the disinlvantage olf reoiuir ing the roving to be threaded through the perforation 3l. .instead ofA being merely laid in the open slot.

A further modification is shown in Figure 7 in which the side walls of the slot are shown as detining a Somewhat tortuous channel for the roving so that an increased frictional drag is imparted thereto since it is from the nip ot the intermediate rollers when the roving; oit a longer staple is being drawn.

ln Figure 8 an arrangement shown in 'which the ret-arding;l plate is used in connection with the retardingr bar or shaft between the bach and intermediate pairs ot rollers. This plate is shown in position at Lltlin Fig?,`1 ure 8 and is shown detached in Figures il. and llilhile it may take various terms. as illustrated, it is provided with a :forward curved portion all which may be extended downwardly over the lower intermediate roller 7. the down turned portions being' adapted to bear against the rear portion oif this roller to retain the plate in position thereon. Back oi the portion il the plate has a reduced neck portion i3 which con nects the portion -lfl with a rear wider portion ed which rests on the upper taco oi the har 4th. This bar preferably a round plain rod' when the plate is used and may be either plain or provided with grooves as at- 1G (Figure l?) or portions oiI reduced diameter as at il? in Jligg'ure 1G to receive the rovine` when the plate is not used. The bar may be rotated as disclosed in my application, Serial No. 635,934?, hereinbeiore referred to or it .may be stationary.

ln Figure 13:3 a similar arrangement of rollers and retarding bar is shown, the retarder bar ll. however, being shown a plain rod or shaft and without a` retarder plate restingi' thereon.

In Figure llt a still further modification is shown in which the lower intermediate roller has a tinted surface as shown at il .in Figure l5v and a portion ol reduced di ameter 5F?. orer which supported au iurerted retarder plate i3 having); a weighted por tion i4- at one end which holds the portion 58 up against the lower 'tare oit the upper intermediate roller 5th this roll r being supported on this plate and lii t to its forward position by means ot an arni on eiitendintg' upwardly from the sugiport in which the lower intermediate roller titi is journaled. This support el' may be adj rsu iiA i Vr:.1 in n. fp .i ,.3 C. ,e aoe owaid nu ioni .ie romain and 6 in the usual manner. As show the s end bearingf esainstihe 1forward S Li lill

' pernnt. the support to niove forwardly,

face of the support 5T.' ln order-thatjarring may not canse this screw, to loosen and roar upper rollers by nieans of a bar (3l having;- an inclined f: ee G2 ridingv on a redneed i'iortion 63 of the ripper intermediate roller, this bar haring a slot- (iel at its rear end engaging over the rear upper roller as shown. 'lhis bar Gl niay be urged downwardly if desires by a sii able 'weight or spring` (not shown) lined to the lower endv of a linlr G5 having;v its ngi/per end bearing in one of a series of notches 66 in the nn face of the bar.

in Figures 9 and l0 is shown gearing for rotating' the various rollers. Referring to these figures, at is indicated a driving; gear driven by any suitable source of power. 7 l is :i gear meshing` the ewith lined to a shaft Z2 to which is tired the lower front roller 6. @n the shatt i2 is journaled a. snpportinp; plate Z3 through which passes a shaft 74. This shaft TAL oarries on one end a gear ineshing' with a sinaller rear W3 on the shaft 72 and at its ot-her end the shaft carries one of a pair of change gears TT. This change rear meshes with a mating;a change gear i8Y on a shaft 79 journaled in a braeliet 80. The plate 73 may be fixed in proper angular position to canse change Iroars of the desired size to be held in inesh by Clamping it to the fitted bracket T30. @n the opposite side of vthe bracket from the gear 78 shaft 79 has fixed thereto a Si which meshes through an idler S2 with a gear 83 fixed to a shaft 84- to which is lixed the lower intermediate roller 7. The shaft 84C inay nieve about the anis of the idler gear 82 as a Center and thns the interinediate roller 7 inay be adjusted relative to the forward roller 6 within the i'ieeessary liniits without these gears eenling ont of niesh, even though this inotion inajv not be exactly about the center of the gear 82 as an axis. vll/vithin the limits of motion necessary for such adjustment the departures from this motion are so sinall as to be negligi ile in efiieeting the driving relation between the rollers.

The braelret 8O is provided with an arcuate slot 9G described about the shaft 79 as a eente and in this slot is adjustable a shaft 9i: carrying, a gear G9 meshing withthe gear 8l on the shaft T9. Shaft 9i also carries one of a pair of change gears 9B, the other change gear ,being shown at 84 being earried by a shaft to which the rear lower roller 12 is fixed. As the axis of the shaft 95 is eccentric to the axis of the shaft 79 adjustment of the shaft 91 within the slot SO permits various sizes of change to be used as may be desired. If it. is desired to rotate the shaft or rod 1.8, which, as hereinbefore pointed out will ordinarily only be done when a retarder plate is nsd in connection therewith, this niay be effected through a gear 96 thereon meshingv through an idler 9? with a gear 98 lined to the shaft 95, ln ease the retarder plate is not desired these gears 96, il? and 98 of course may be oniitted.

Having' thus described certain ei'nbodiinents of this invention it should be evident that various changes and modifications might be niade therein without departing from its spirit or scope as defined by the apjjionded claims.

l elaiin:

l The combination with two pairs of eoroving, feeding and drawing' rollers, of a roving retarding ineinber between said pairs of rollers, said member comprising a bar haring a slot therein tapering in the direction of feed of the rovine; and in which said roving lies, the base of said slot being; convened and positioned above a straight line between the nips of the pairs of rollers, wheresy the roving, passed through said nips is Caused to bear thereagainst.

2. The Con'ibination with two pairs of cooperating roving, feeding' and drawing rollers, of a roving` retarding ineinber between said pair of rollers, said member Acoinprising' a bar hav" a slot therein tapering in the directionv oV eed of the roving' and in which said rovingl lies, the base of said slot being converterl and positioned above a straight line between the nips ofthe pairs of rollers, whereby the roving passed through said nips is caused to bear thereagainst, ineens for effecting; a traverse of the roving, and connections from said means to said ineniber for simultaneously traversingl said inen'ibeii'.

3. The eonibination with two pairs of cooperating` roving, feeding'v and drawing rollers, of a. roving retarding ineinber between said pairs of rollers, said nieniber comprising a ar having a slot therein tapering` in the direction of feed of the roving and in which said roving lies, the base of said slot being coni'-. ;ed and positioned above a straight line between the nipsfof the pairs of rollers, whereby the roving passed through said nips is caused to bear thereagainst, and means for adjusting saidr niember 1between the nips of said pairs of rollers.

in ineeliasisin' rpairs of ti Li ESG drawing' rollers between which the roving,` being drawn is succ -'sively passed, means for driving said rollers, the intermediate pair of rollers at a materially greater speed than the roar rollers, and the front rollers at a materially ,ereater speed than said intermediate rolland a rotting-engaging member positioned between the rear and intermediate pairs of rollers to impart a draftingresistance to the passage of the roving); and at a distance from said intermediate pair of rollers dependent on the length of staple of the roying being drawn. ln a drawingl mechanism three pairs of drawing; rollers between which the royingl being' drawn is successively passed, means for driving,` said rollers, the intermediate pair of rollers at a materially greater speed than the rear rollers, and the front rollers at a n'iaterially greater speed than said interniediate rollers, and a roving eng-aging niember positioned between the rear and intermediate pairs of rollers `to impart a drafting; resistance to the passage of the roving and at a distance from said intermediate pair of rollers dependent on the length of staple of the roving;l being drawn, said member having a roving,` contacting,` portion termed to condense the rovingl as it is drawn lherepast.

(E. ln a drawing mechanism, a plurality of rc ing feedingl mechanisms acting' successi -ely on the roi/'ing` witlrprogressively and materially greater velocities in its direction of travel, and a roving engaging member positioned between a pair of said mechanisms and at a distance back of that mechanism next forwardly thereof in the direction of feed of the roving' dependent on the length of staple of the roving being drawn and arranged to impart a drawing,r resistance to its passage.

7. ln a drawing mechanism, a plurality of roving feeding mechanisms acting successively on the roving1 with progressively and materially greater velocities in its direction of travel, and a roving engaging member positioned between a pair of said mechanisms and at a distance back of that mechanism next forwardly thereof in the direction ot feed of the roving dependent on the length of staple of the roving being drawn and arranged to impart a drawing resistance to its passage, said member having a roving-contacting@ortion formed to condense the roving` as it is drawn therepast.

l. The method which comprises subjectinn,l a roving,l to feeding' and drafting; actions of materially increasinga velocities in its direction of progress and by such drafting` action causing its compression or contraction against a relatively stationary intermediary member at or about a point distant from the drafting means relative to the length of the fibers of the roving' under treatment, as to cause lthe drawing ont or parting of fibers to l consistently take place at about this point.

9. The method which comprises subjecting a roving` to successive feeding actions of materially increasing velocities in its direction of progress, and between successive feeding positions causing it to bear frictionally in a manner to impart a drawing` resistance to its passage against a relatively stationary surface located back of the next forward feeding position at a distance dependent on the length of the staple of the roving beine' drawn to cause the drawing` out and parting of the fibers to constantly taire place thereat.

10. The method which comprises subjecting a roving to successive feeding actions of materially increasing velocities in its direction of progress, and simultaneously condensingl the roving and imparting a drafting resistance to its passage between successive feeding,` actions and at a distance lfrom the nez-:t sncceedimg action dependent on the length of the staple of the royiugbeing drawn.

li. In a drawing mechanism, a rear pair of cooperating,` rollers, an intermediate pair of cooperating rollers, a roving,- retardingl member positioned between said pairs of rollers and shaped to impart a frictional drag on the roving and to concentrate the roving adjacent to said intermediate rollers, and a pair of cooperating front rollers having their nips in a different plane from the nip of said intermediate rollers, whereby the roving after passing said member passes over substantial aros of the circumference of one of each of said intermediate and forward pairs of rollers.

l2. A drawing mechanism comprisingI front and intermediate pairs of drawing` rollers, rear roving feeding` members, and a stationary member intermediate said intermediate rollers and feeding` meiinbers and against which the roving is drawn, said intermediate and. front rollers being,l so cisposed that the roving is drawn over a substantial are of one of said intermediate rollers.

i3. A, drawing mechanism comprising; front and intermediate pairs of drawing rollers, rear rovingl feeding members, and a stationary member intermediate said intermediate rollers and feeding* members and against which the roving is drawn, said intermediate and front rollers being so disposed that the roving?,` is drawn over a substantial arc of one of said intermediate rollers and bears over a substantial arc of one of said front rollers.

lll. A drawing mechanism comprising;` forward, intermediate and rear pairs of upper and lower drawing rollers, a cap bar for retaining certain of said upper rollers in po- 

